2. Signaling Pathways
  3. MAPK/ERK Pathway
  4. p38 MAPK

p38 MAPK

p38 MAPK

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The p38 MAPK family consists of highly conserved proline-directed serine-threonine protein kinases that are activated in response to a number many growth factors, cytokines, and chemotactic substances, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), PDGF, TNF, interleukins, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP). It is well known that p38 is involved in inflammation, apoptosis, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and cell differentiation.

The p38 MAPK family is composed of four proteins: p38α (encoded by the gene Mapk14), p38β (Mapk11), p38γ (Mapk12), and p38δ (Mapk13). Their coding genes have a distinct tissue distribution and they appear differentially expressed, being Mapk14 the most highly expressed. p38 MAPKs are substrates for three MAP2K (MKK6, MKK3, and MKK4). The contribution of each of these MAP2K to p38 MAPKs activation depends on the stimulus and the cell type. The MAP3Ks that lead to p38 MAPKs activation are ASK1, DLK1, TAK1, TAO1, TAO2, TPL2, MLK3, MEKK3, MEKK4, and ZAK1.

p38 MAPK Isoform Specific Products:

p38 MAPK Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-N0404
    Sinigrin
    		Inhibitor 99.97%
    Sinigrin (Allyl-glucosinolate) is an orally active glucosinolate found in cruciferous plants. Sinigrin possesses multiple activities such as anti-cancer, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and inhibition of fat synthesis. Sinigrin can be used in the research of tumors, inflammatory, and metabolic diseases.
    Sinigrin
  • HY-N0674A
    Dehydrocorydaline chloride
    		Activator 99.75%
    Dehydrocorydaline chloride (13-Methylpalmatine chloride) is an alkaloid that regulates protein expression of Bax, Bcl-2; activates caspase-7, caspase-8, and inactivates PARP. Dehydrocorydaline chloride elevates p38 MAPK activation. Anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities. Dehydrocorydaline chloride shows strong anti-malarial effects (IC50?=38 nM), and low cytotoxicity (cell viability?>?90%) using P. falciparum 3D7 strain.
    Dehydrocorydaline chloride
  • HY-N2118
    Bilobetin
    		99.39%
    Bilobetin, an active component of Ginkgo biloba, can reduce blood lipids and improve the effects of insulin. Bilobetin ameliorated insulin resistance, increased the hepatic uptake and oxidation of lipids, reduced very-low-density lipoprotein triglyceride secretion and blood triglyceride levels, enhanced the expression and activity of enzymes involved in β-oxidation and attenuated the accumulation of triglycerides and their metabolites in tissues. Bilobetin also increased the phosphorylation, nuclear translocation and activity of PPARα accompanied by elevated cAMP level and PKA activity.
    Bilobetin
  • HY-119917
    Gossypetin
    		Inhibitor 99.82%
    Gossypetin is a hexahydroxylated flavonoid and is a potent mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MKK)3 and MKK6 inhibitor with strongly attenuates the MKK3/6-p38 signaling pathway, has various pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, antibacterial and anticancer activities.
    Gossypetin
  • HY-B0612A
    Lercanidipine hydrochloride
    		Inhibitor 99.93%
    Lercanidipine is a third-generation, lipophilic, brain-penetrant, vascular-selective and orally active dihydropyridine-calcium channel blocker with a pIC50 of 7.74 (converts from μM). Lercanidipine has long lasting antihypertensive action as well as reno- and neuro-protective effect. Lercanidipine also shows anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties. Lercanidipine can be used in cardiovascular and neurological research.
    Lercanidipine hydrochloride
  • HY-N1365
    Isoscopoletin
    		Inhibitor 99.92%
    Isoscopoletin (6-Hydroxy-7-methoxycoumarin) is an active constituent in Artemisia argyi leaves. Isoscopoletin shows substantial inhibition against cell proliferation, with IC50s of 4.0 μM and 1.6 μM for human CCRF-CEM leukaemia cells and multidrug resistant subline CEM/ADR5000, respectively. Isoscopoletin (6-Hydroxy-7-methoxycoumarin) possesses inhibitory activity against HBV replication. Isoscopoletin exhibits anti-inflammatory activity through inhibition of MAPK/NF-κB/STAT/AKT signaling pathway.
    Isoscopoletin
  • HY-A0033
    Darifenacin
    		Inhibitor 99.81%
    Darifenacin (UK-88525) is a selective and orally active M3 muscarinic receptor (M3R) antagonist with a pKi of 8.9. Darifenacin binds >20-fold more specifically to M3R than to other muscarinic receptors. Darifenacin can be used in the study of urinary incontinence and other symptoms of overactive bladder. Darifenacin inhibits tumor growth in colorectal cancer cells and has anti-tumor effects.
    Darifenacin
  • HY-100618
    Hispidin
    		Inhibitor 99.94%
    Hispidin, a PKC inhibitor and a phenolic compound can be found in Phellinus linteus, has been shown to possess strong anti-oxidant, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, and anti-dementia properties.
    Hispidin
  • HY-N0753
    Eupalinolide B
    		Inhibitor 99.48%
    Eupalinolide B is a germ sesquiterpene. Eupalinolide B can be isolated from Eupatorium lindleyanum. Eupalinolide B induces Apoptosis, elevates ROS, promotes Autophagy. regulates GSK-3β/β-catenin, targets UBE2D3 and TAK1, activates ROS-ER-JNK, inhibits NF-κB and MAPKs. Eupalinolide B has anticancer activity against pancreatic cancer and liver cancer. Eupalinolide B relieves rheumatoid arthritis, acute lung injury, periodontitis, depression.
    Eupalinolide B
  • HY-N0265
    Asperosaponin VI
    		98.73%
    Asperosaponin VI is a saponin component from Dipsacus asper. Asperosaponin VI induces osteoblast differentiation through the BMP-2/p38 and ERK1/2 signaling pathways. Asperosaponin VI protects against hypoxia-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis by activating the PI3K/Akt and CREB pathways. Additionally, Asperosaponin VI also has antidepressant and wound-healing-promoting activities.
    Asperosaponin VI
  • HY-15509A
    Semapimod tetrahydrochloride
    		98.43%
    Semapimod tetrahydrochloride (CNI-1493), an inhibitor of proinflammatory cytokine production, can inhibit TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Semapimod tetrahydrochloride inhibits TLR4 signaling (IC50≈0.3 μM). Semapimod tetrahydrochloride inhibits p38 MAPK and nitric oxide production in macrophages. Semapimod tetrahydrochloride has potential in a variety of inflammatory and autoimmune disorders.
    Semapimod tetrahydrochloride
  • HY-14806A
    Teneligliptin hydrobromide
    		Inhibitor 99.99%
    Teneligliptin (MP-513) hydrobromide is an orally active and selective dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitor (IC50s: 0.37 and 0.29 nM for the human and rat DPP-4, respectively). Teneligliptin hydrobromide improves blood glucose levels and can be used in researches related to type 2 diabetes mellitus.
    Teneligliptin hydrobromide
  • HY-A0129
    Histamine phosphate
    		Activator 99.34%
    Histamine phosphate is the agonist for histamine receptor and a vasodilator. Histamine phosphate affects p38 MAPK/Akt signaling pathway, exhibits antitumor, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.
    Histamine phosphate
  • HY-N2393
    Kukoamine B
    		Inhibitor 99.70%
    Kukoamine B, a spermine alkaloid, is a potent dual LPS and CpG DNA inhibitor with Kd values of 1.23 µM and 0.66 µM, respectively. Kukoamine B exerts anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, anti-osteoporotic and neuroprotective effects. Kukoamine B has the potential for the study of sepsis.
    Kukoamine B
  • HY-N1419
    Vaccarin
    		Inhibitor 98.47%
    Vaccarin is an orally active flavonoid glycoside with multiple biological functions. Vaccarin promotes neovascularization by activating AKT and ERK. Vaccarin activates the AMPK signaling pathway to improve insulin resistance and steatosis. Vaccarin is a MAPK, NF-κB, and NFAT inhibitor, effectively blocking RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis.
    Vaccarin
  • HY-B1104
    Indoprofen
    		Inhibitor 99.52%
    Indoprofen ((±)-Indoprofe) activates AKT-AMPK signaling pathway, inhibits NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathway. Indoprofen exhibits anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities. Indoprofen is orally active.
    Indoprofen
  • HY-N0576
    Solanesol
    		≥98.0%
    Solanesol is an orally active aliphatic terpene alcohol. Solanesol is mainly found in tobacco and other Solanaceae plants. Solanesol induces HO-1 and Hsp70 expression, activates p38 and Akt signaling pathways, and inhibits Apoptosis (reduces caspase-3 and PARP cleavage). Solanesol has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective activities. Solanesol can be used in the research of Huntington's disease, alcoholic liver disease, chronic inflammatory pain, anxiety, Alzheimer's disease, and bipolar disorder.
    Solanesol
  • HY-144903
    Migoprotafib
    		Inhibitor 98.81%
    Migoprotafib (GDC-1971) (compound 199) is a SHP2 inhibitor. Migoprotafib inhibits the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway, and exhibits antitumor activity.
    Migoprotafib
  • HY-N1353
    Rhamnocitrin
    		Inhibitor 99.67%
    Rhamnocitrin is an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent that targets STIM-1, NFATc3 and MAPK pathways and can scavenge DPPH (IC50=28.38 mM). Rhamnocitrin selectively inhibits oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in vascular endothelial cells and neurons. Rhamnocitrin up-regulates miR-185 to inhibit STIM-1-mediated store-operated calcium entry (SOCE), thereby blocking NFATc3 nuclear translocation and downstream inflammatory factor expression, while inducing heme oxygenase HO-1 expression and regulating the ERK/p38 MAPK pathway, inhibiting antioxidant and pro-inflammatory cytokines (such as IL-6, IL-8) and adhesion molecules (such as ICAM-1, VCAM-1). Rhamnocitrin can be used in the study of endothelial-related inflammatory diseases (such as sepsis, acute lung injury, atherosclerosis) and neuroprotection (such as oxidative damage of PC12 cells).
    Rhamnocitrin
  • HY-N1181
    Tamarixetin
    		Inhibitor 99.31%
    Tamarixetin (4'-O-Methyl Quercetin) is an orally active natural flavonoid derivative of quercetin and caseinolytic protease p (ClpP) inhibitor with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antitumor effects. Tamarixetin inhibits the hydrolytic activity of ClpP to the fluorescent substrate Suc-LY-AMC with an IC50 of 49.73 μM, which can be used for the study of Staphylococcus aureus infection. Tamarixetin inhibits tumor cell growth, induces apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest. Tamarixetin prevents cardiac hypertrophy by inhibiting the NFAT and AKT pathways.
    Tamarixetin
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Species Source
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
p38 MAPK Isoform Comparison

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